not important

[lifeboot.git] / lifeboot.asm

diff --git a/lifeboot.asm b/lifeboot.asm
index b0575aedc345a986800531d5002f8330be49286e..0e114d0a7a93aebfb29ace065599d1129d3fd84e 100644 (file)
--- a/lifeboot.asm
+++ b/lifeboot.asm
@@ -1,138 +1,189 @@
 bits 16
 org 0x7c00
 
 bits 16
 org 0x7c00
 

-%define ORG 0x7c00
-%define VGA 0xb8000
+; =============================================================================

 
 

-%define COLS 80
-%define ROWS 25
+; settings --------------------------------------------------------------------

 
 %define DEAD ' '            ; char to represent a dead cell
 %define ALIVE '#'           ; char to represent an alive cell
 %define PRINT_COLOR 0x07    ; grey on black
 
 %define DEAD ' '            ; char to represent a dead cell
 %define ALIVE '#'           ; char to represent an alive cell
 %define PRINT_COLOR 0x07    ; grey on black

+%define WAIT_DELAY 0x02     ; 0.131072 seconds
+
+; constants -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%define COLS 80
+%define ROWS 25
+%define VGAPGSZ (COLS * ROWS * 2)

 
 

-%define GRID        ORG + 512               ; current cell grid (80 * 25 bytes)
-%define NEXT_GRID   GRID + COLS * ROWS      ; next cell grid (80 * 25 bytes)
-%define XSS         NEXT_GRID + COLS * ROWS ; xs() state
+; memory layout ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%define ORG 0x7c00
+%define VGA 0xb8000
+%define DAT ORG + 512
+
+; static variables ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%define xss DAT             ; xs() state (word)
+%define currvgapg DAT + 2   ; current vga page near pointer (word)
+
+; =============================================================================

 
 ; entry point -----------------------------------------------------------------
 
 ; initialize segment registers
 
 ; entry point -----------------------------------------------------------------
 
 ; initialize segment registers

-xor ax, ax
+mov ax, VGA >> 4

 mov ds, ax
 mov es, ax
 mov ds, ax
 mov es, ax

+
+xor ax, ax

 mov ss, ax
 
 ; set stack pointers
 mov ss, ax
 
 ; set stack pointers

-mov sp, ORG

 mov bp, ORG
 mov bp, ORG

+mov sp, bp

 
 

-; clear screen ----------------------------------------------------------------
+; clear direction flag
+cld

 
 ; disable cursor
 
 ; disable cursor

-mov ch, 0x3f
-mov ah, 0x01
-int 0x10
+mov ch, 0x3f                ; cursor start and options
+mov ah, 0x01                ; set text-mode cursor shape
+int 0x10                    ; video services

 
 

-; clear video memory
-mov cx, COLS * ROWS
-mov ax, VGA >> 4
-mov es, ax
-xor di, di
-mov ax, (PRINT_COLOR << 8) | DEAD
+; initialize xss
+mov ah, 0x00                ; get
+int 0x1a                    ;  system time
+mov [xss], dx               ; cx:dx = number of clock ticks since midnight

 
 

-rep stosw                   ; fill cx words at es:di with ax
+; initialize currvgapg
+mov word [currvgapg], VGAPGSZ

 
 ; setup -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 setup:
 
 
 ; setup -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 setup:
 

-; initialize xss
-mov ah, 0x00                ; get
-int 0x1a                    ;  system time
-mov [XSS], dx               ; cx:dx = number of clock ticks since midnight
+call init_grid
+call flip_vga_page
+call delay

 
 

-; initialize grid
-mov di, GRID
-mov cx, COLS * ROWS
+jmp setup

 
 

-.initgrid:                  ; do {
-    call xs                 ;     ax = rand
-    mov dl, DEAD            ;     dl = DEAD (likely)
+; =============================================================================

 
 

-    test ax, 0b11
+; functions -------------------------------------------------------------------

 
 

-    jnz  .initgrid_nz       ;     if (ax % 4 == 0)
-    mov dl, ALIVE           ;         dl = ALIVE
+; delay() - suspend program execution temporarily -----------------------------

 
 

-.initgrid_nz:
-    mov [di + cx], dl       ;     grid[cx] = dl
+; clobbers ah, cx, dx

 
 

-    loop .initgrid          ; } while (--cx)
+delay:

 
 

-jmp halt
+mov cx, WAIT_DELAY          ; cx:dx = interval in microseconds
+mov dx, 0

 
 

-; functions -------------------------------------------------------------------
+mov ah, 0x86
+int 0x15                    ; wait
+
+ret
+
+; vsync_wait() - wait for display to enter the next VBlank cycle --------------
+
+; clobbers ax, dx
+
+vsync_wait:
+
+mov dx, 0x3da               ; input status #1 register
+
+.wait_on:
+    in al, dx
+    test al, 0x08           ; vertical retrace bit
+    jnz .wait_on
+
+.wait_off:
+    in al, dx
+    test al, 0x08
+    jz .wait_off
+
+ret

 
 ; xs() - xorshift pseudorandom number generator -------------------------------
 
 ; output:
 
 ; xs() - xorshift pseudorandom number generator -------------------------------
 
 ; output:

-; ax        = updated state ([XSS])
+; [xss]     = updated state

 
 

-; clobbers ax, dx
+; clobbers bx, dx

 
 xs:
 
 
 xs:
 

-mov ax, [XSS]
-mov dx, ax
+mov bx, [xss]
+mov dx, bx

 
 shl dx, 1                   ; dx = xss << 1
 
 shl dx, 1                   ; dx = xss << 1

-xor ax, dx                  ; ax = xss ^ (xss << 1)
-mov dx, ax
+xor bx, dx                  ; bx = xss ^ (xss << 1)
+mov dx, bx

 
 shr dx, 3                   ; dx = xss' >> 3
 
 shr dx, 3                   ; dx = xss' >> 3

-xor ax, dx                  ; ax = xss' ^ (xss' >> 3)
-mov dx, ax
+xor bx, dx                  ; bx = xss' ^ (xss' >> 3)
+mov dx, bx

 
 shl dx, 10                  ; dx = xss'' << 10
 
 shl dx, 10                  ; dx = xss'' << 10

-xor ax, dx                  ; ax = xss'' ^ (xss'' << 10)
-mov [XSS], ax
+xor bx, dx                  ; bx = xss'' ^ (xss'' << 10)
+mov [xss], bx

 
 ret
 
 
 ret
 

-; errors ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+; init_grid() - initialize grid cells randomly --------------------------------
+
+; clobbers ax, bx, cx, dx, di
+
+init_grid:
+
+mov ah, PRINT_COLOR         ; ah = color attribute
+mov di, [currvgapg]         ; es:di -> grid start
+mov cx, COLS * ROWS         ; for each cell
+
+.write_cell:                ; do {
+    call xs                 ;     [xss] = rand
+    mov al, DEAD            ;     al = DEAD (likely)

 
 

-hello:
-mov si, str.hello
+    test word [xss], 0b11

 
 

-; print the error message string in si and halt
-; note: we assume es = VGA_SEG and ds = 0
-printerr:
-xor di, di
-mov ah, PRINT_COLOR
+    jnz  .nz                ;     if ([xss] % 4 == 0)
+    mov al, ALIVE           ;         al = ALIVE

 
 

-; es:di = video memory
-; ds:si = error message
-; al = current char
-; ah = color attribute
+.nz:
+    stosw                   ;     [es:di] = ax ; di += 2

 
 

-write_char:
-lodsb                   ; al = [ds:si], si += 1
-or  al, al              ; on null terminator,
-jz  halt                ;  halt
-stosw                   ; [es:di] = ax, di += 2
-jmp write_char
+    loop .write_cell        ; } while (--cx)
+
+ret
+
+; flip_vga_page() - flip active display page ----------------------------------
+
+; clobbers ax, dx
+
+flip_vga_page:
+
+call vsync_wait
+
+xor word [currvgapg], VGAPGSZ   ; flip currvgapg
+setnz al                        ; al = !(currvgapg == 0)
+
+mov ah, 0x05                ; select active display page
+int 0x10                    ; video services
+
+ret
+
+; halt() - stop program execution ---------------------------------------------

 
 halt:
 
 halt:

-cli                     ; disable interrupts
+
+cli                         ; disable interrupts

 hlt
 jmp halt
 
 hlt
 jmp halt
 

-; data ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-str:
-.hello:
-    db "lifeboot", 0
+; =============================================================================

 
 times 510 - ($ - $$) db 0   ; fill remaining bytes with zeroes
 dw 0xaa55                   ; mbr magic byte
 
 times 510 - ($ - $$) db 0   ; fill remaining bytes with zeroes
 dw 0xaa55                   ; mbr magic byte